Computer for beginners. Parsing into components. CPU.

So, good day!
A tutorial on the subject you are currently studying is starting before your eyes. That’s right – computer. I will talk about this “subject” for half a month. Maybe even a little more. There will be four episodes in total:
1. "Parsing into components"
2. "Installing hardware"
3. "Operating system"
4. "BIOS and application programs"
ATTENTION! This is a tutorial for beginners and for those who want to improve their knowledge about computers.

Let’s get started. The first device we study is the processor. It is one of the main components of a computer. So what is a processor?? For the answer, I turned to a tricky book about computers. So, CPU – this is a microcircuit, basic a working component of a computer that performs arithmetic (2+2=4) and logical (this folder here, and this one here) operations specified by the program (OS). He is the one who does all the main work.
Processors can be sorted according to two criteria: performance And bit depth.
Performance – quite a simple parameter. In this case (not only the processor has speed), we are talking about the processor clock frequency, which is measured in megahertz. The larger it is, the faster the computer works, which means it slows down less.
Bit depth – more complex parameter. [No further definition]. The processor includes three important devices, the main characteristic being the bit capacity:
1.Data input and output busX
2.Internal registers
3.Memory address buses

The processor executes instructions and processes data in memory. Also exchanges data with controllers of various devices connected to the motherboard. Typically, the class of a computer is determined by processor.
The main criteria when choosing a processor are: operating frequency And P-rating. Each processor is designed for a certain frequency, and it cannot be run at a higher frequency – it will lead to failures due to overheating, and will reduce its service life (nothing lasts).

All processors have internal cache memory (or simply cache). Cache memory – this is high-speed memory into which all data processed by the processor is transferred. Modern hardware has a built-in cache memory of two levels – first (L1) and second (L2). The second (L2) is usually wider, and the first (L1) is usually faster. Level 1 cache size is important for system performance.
Until 2000, we used processor cases in the form of cartridges, but now we use familiar cases.

Well then. That’s all for today. Tomorrow I’ll try to post the types of cases. And that’s all for now. See you soon!

P.S. This tutorial will be released every Sunday. So wait. Bye!

Key words: processor, performance, bit depth, input and output data bus, internal registers, memory address buses, operating purity, P-rating, cache memory (you can just cache), first level cache (L1), second level cache (L2).

P.S.S. By the way, don’t forget to unsubscribe in the comments.

Well, this is for your mood Spinsheavencasino.uk

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Best comments

Here you confuse salted with fried. You use performance, but bit depth is a purely technical parameter.

Performance is a fairly simple parameter. In this case (not only the processor has speed), we are talking about the processor clock frequency

Not true at all. The same Core 2 Duo is faster than Pentium 4 at half the frequency. Starting from the second sentence of the paragraph, replace everything with something like “Measured by the number of operations per second (Flops). The more the better".

It’s very possible. Moreover, they (at least Intel) are designed for this. Mine, for example, has been plowing regularly for 3 years at a frequency higher than standard. – remove it completely, because it’s not relevant to the topic.
And lastly: processor architecture. The most important, but also the most difficult to describe and understand. At least in passing it would be necessary to mention. Well, remove the typos.
P.S. The material is necessary, but is in dire need of improvement.

It’s a good thing to teach people how to distinguish a processor from a system unit. But the tutorial is not complete even at the beginner level. It will be complete on a superficial level only when there are no obvious questions left. And these at least include “So what is bit depth?”?»

By the way, the example of solving a logical problem is not sufficiently indicative… In fact, solving arithmetic problems itself is based on the algebra of logic. Simply put, whatever the processor does, it decides logical tasks. And the rest is just a consequence.

Nitpicking, of course. But, as you know, the best is the enemy of the good.

Thank you very much – I’ve been looking for this kind of information for a long time, so that it’s short and most importantly clear
I think I have found at least 1 regular reader)))

You wanted to write that the first (L1) Correct?)

Also, if you are talking about cache, then you should have written about the third level cache and written where which cache is located in the process (IMHO).

And this is a great article.Just improve it a little and at least teach the grandmothers)))

a few nuances:
1) “For the answer I turned to a lousy book” – o_O, limp. And where did you find a normal book about processors in Russian??
2) “logical (this folder is here, and this one is here)” – mmm, I don’t see the connection between the word logical and the expression in brackets
3) “The larger it is, the faster the computer works, which means it slows down less.”." – hmm, what about the fact that CAD systems require floating point calculations? T.e. AMedash stone with frequency 3.33 GHz will lose to Intel’s frequency 2.6GHz.
4)*Bit depth is a more complex parameter. [No further definition]* – Why then write? At least say it in your own words?? That the bit depth characterizes the width of the bus, t.e. number of simultaneously transmitted bits..
5)*The second (L2) is usually wider, and the first (L2) is usually faster. Level 1 cache size is important for system performance.* – two important inaccuracies..

PS^ In general, I didn’t write it for the sake of “shit”, but the author!, if you are writing for beginners, you especially shouldn’t distort information. Since you write QUALITY and dig up information for the sake of us, grateful readers, then take it from offsites and post links (for example, on the Intel website there are videos that very well illustrate how stones work).

Well, in general, +1 for the work, and don’t be silly (like all sorts of raits), but take note that you can do better and more accurately.
dixi